Secondary index에서 clustered row까지

secondary index · clustered row · Buffer Pool

mysql 8.4.10captured evidence

01 · SOURCE

Exact SQL

5 active fragmentsMySQLrange · non-covering · ORDER BY · LIMIT 20

SELECT id, customer_id, status, ordered_at, total_cents
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = 412
  AND status = 'PAID'
  AND ordered_at >= '2025-01-01 00:00:00'
ORDER BY ordered_at DESC, id DESC
LIMIT 20;

LimitLIMIT 20
range scansecondary index

02 · FLOW

Native plan과 actual iterator

01 / 17

Active native excerpt2

limitTREE line 1

-> Limit: 20 row(s) (cost=14.2 rows=20)

index-range-scanTREE line 2

-> Index range scan on orders using idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id over (customer_id = 412 AND status = 'PAID' AND ordered_at <= '2025-01-01 00:00:00'), with index condition: ((orders.`status` = 'PAID') and (orders.customer_id = 412) and (orders.ordered_at >= TIMESTAMP'2025-01-01 00:00:00')) (cost=14.2 rows=31)

DATA PATH

Index entry에서 clustered row까지

Model

Model · secondary root

Model · leaf · 2026-06-24 23:20

secondary entry · PK 130460

clustered row · id 130460

WHERE range

Matching secondary entries

Derived · fixture

customer_id	status	ordered_at	id · primary key
412	PAID	2026-06-24 23:20:00	130460
412	PAID	2026-06-17 20:40:00	129436
412	PAID	2026-05-20 10:00:00	125340

31 total · 28 개 entry 생략

clustered lookup에 전달되는 primary key130460

total_cents absent from secondary entry

PRIMARY

Exact clustered row

Derived · fixture

id: 130460
customer_id: 412
status: PAID
ordered_at: 2026-06-24 23:20:00
total_cents: 113740

ORDER BY와 LIMIT 20 결과

Captured

id	customer_id	status	ordered_at	total_cents
130460	412	PAID	2026-06-24 23:20:00	113740
129436	412	PAID	2026-06-17 20:40:00	4684
125340	412	PAID	2026-05-20 10:00:00	68460
124316	412	PAID	2026-05-13 07:20:00	209404
120220	412	PAID	2026-04-14 20:40:00	23180
119196	412	PAID	2026-04-07 18:00:00	164124
115100	412	PAID	2026-03-10 07:20:00	227900
114076	412	PAID	2026-03-03 04:40:00	118844
109980	412	PAID	2026-02-02 18:00:00	182620
108956	412	PAID	2026-01-26 15:20:00	73564
104860	412	PAID	2025-12-29 04:40:00	137340
103836	412	PAID	2025-12-22 02:00:00	28284
99740	412	PAID	2025-11-23 15:20:00	92060
98716	412	PAID	2025-11-16 12:40:00	233004
94620	412	PAID	2025-10-19 02:00:00	46780
93596	412	PAID	2025-10-11 23:20:00	187724
89500	412	PAID	2025-09-13 12:40:00	1500
88476	412	PAID	2025-09-06 10:00:00	142444
84380	412	PAID	2025-08-08 23:20:00	206220
83356	412	PAID	2025-08-01 20:40:00	97164

sha256 · f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b

01 / 17

.secondary-index-buffer-pool-page { overflow: auto !important; background: #f4f6f7; } .secondary-index-buffer-pool-page main { height: auto !important; min-height: 100dvh; } .storage-workbench-shell { display: none !important; } .storage-noscript { width: min(100%, 92rem); margin: 0 auto; padding: 28px 20px 72px; color: #171a1d; overflow-wrap: anywhere; } .storage-noscript > header { padding-bottom: 24px; border-bottom: 1px solid #d8dde1; } .storage-noscript > section, .storage-noscript > nav { padding-block: 24px; border-bottom: 1px solid #d8dde1; } .storage-noscript h1 { margin: 8px 0 12px; font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.25; letter-spacing: 0; } .storage-noscript h2 { margin: 0 0 14px; font-size: 22px; letter-spacing: 0; } .storage-noscript h3 { margin: 20px 0 10px; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0; } .storage-noscript h4 { margin: 0 0 8px; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0; } .storage-noscript p, .storage-noscript li, .storage-noscript dt, .storage-noscript dd, .storage-noscript td, .storage-noscript th { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; } .storage-noscript a { color: #174ca7; } .storage-noscript-eyebrow { margin: 0; color: #0d6d4d; font-weight: 800; } .storage-noscript-variant-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 10px 20px; } .storage-noscript-variant-links strong { margin-right: auto; font-size: 15px; } .storage-noscript-sql { max-width: 100%; padding: 16px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; border: 1px solid #d8dde1; background: #fff; font: 15px/1.65 "SFMono-Regular", Consolas, monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; } .storage-noscript-table-scroll { max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; } .storage-noscript-table-scroll table { width: 100%; min-width: 760px; border-collapse: collapse; background: #fff; } .storage-noscript-table-scroll th, .storage-noscript-table-scroll td { padding: 8px 10px; border: 1px solid #d8dde1; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; } .storage-noscript-table-scroll th { background: #f2f5f6; } .storage-noscript-table-scroll code { display: block; max-width: 72ch; overflow-wrap: anywhere; white-space: normal; } .storage-noscript-facts { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 1px; margin: 12px 0; padding: 1px; background: #d8dde1; } .storage-noscript-facts > div { display: grid; min-width: 0; gap: 4px; padding: 11px 13px; background: #fff; } .storage-noscript-facts dt { color: #657078; font-weight: 800; } .storage-noscript-facts dd { min-width: 0; margin: 0; } .storage-noscript-facts code { overflow-wrap: anywhere; } .storage-noscript-variant { padding-block: 8px 22px; border-bottom: 1px solid #edf0f2; } .storage-noscript-variant:last-child { border-bottom: 0; } .storage-noscript-steps { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 1px; margin: 0; padding: 1px; background: #d8dde1; list-style-position: inside; } .storage-noscript-steps > li { min-width: 0; padding: 14px; background: #fff; } .storage-noscript-steps p { color: #46525a; } .storage-noscript-refs { margin: 8px 0 0; padding-left: 18px; } .storage-noscript-checksum { word-break: break-all; } @media (max-width: 760px) { .storage-noscript { padding-inline: 14px; } .storage-noscript h1 { font-size: 26px; } .storage-noscript-facts, .storage-noscript-steps { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); } }

MySQL 8.4.10 · arm64 · Captured

Secondary index에서 clustered row까지

같은 SQL의 cold/warm 실행에서 index entry, PK lookup, buffer pool page, counter, result evidence를 순서대로 연결합니다.

Exact SQL

SELECT id, customer_id, status, ordered_at, total_cents
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = 412
  AND status = 'PAID'
  AND ordered_at >= '2025-01-01 00:00:00'
ORDER BY ordered_at DESC, id DESC
LIMIT 20;

selected index: idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id
key parts: customer_id → status → ordered_at → id
matching entries: 31
result rows: 20

Native plan과 actual iterator

operator	kind	parent	metrics	native excerpt
`secondary-index-storage-native-limit`	limit	`ROOT`	`secondary-index-storage-native-estimated-rows`: 31	`-> Limit: 20 row(s) (cost=14.2 rows=20)`
`secondary-index-storage-native-range`	index-range-scan	`secondary-index-storage-native-limit`	`secondary-index-storage-native-estimated-rows`: 31 `secondary-index-storage-native-estimated-cost`: 14.21	-> Index range scan on orders using idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id over (customer_id = 412 AND status = 'PAID' AND ordered_at <= '2025-01-01 00:00:00'), with index condition: ((orders.`status` = 'PAID') and (orders.customer_id = 412) and (orders.ordered_at >= TIMESTAMP'2025-01-01 00:00:00')) (cost=14.2 rows=31)
`secondary-index-storage-cold-limit`	limit	`ROOT`	`secondary-index-storage-cold-actual-first`: 0.689 `secondary-index-storage-cold-actual-last`: 0.695 `secondary-index-storage-cold-actual-rows`: 20 `secondary-index-storage-cold-loops`: 1	`-> Limit: 20 row(s) (cost=38.2 rows=20) (actual time=0.689..0.695 rows=20 loops=1)`
`secondary-index-storage-cold-range`	index-range-scan	`secondary-index-storage-cold-limit`		-> Index range scan on orders using idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id over (customer_id = 412 AND status = 'PAID' AND ordered_at <= '2025-01-01 00:00:00'), with index condition: ((orders.`status` = 'PAID') and (orders.customer_id = 412) and (orders.ordered_at >= TIMESTAMP'2025-01-01 00:00:00')) (cost=38.2 rows=31) (actual time=0.688..0.692 rows=20 loops=1)
`secondary-index-storage-warm-limit`	limit	`ROOT`	`secondary-index-storage-warm-actual-first`: 0.196 `secondary-index-storage-warm-actual-last`: 0.2 `secondary-index-storage-warm-actual-rows`: 20 `secondary-index-storage-warm-loops`: 1	`-> Limit: 20 row(s) (cost=36.5 rows=20) (actual time=0.196..0.2 rows=20 loops=1)`
`secondary-index-storage-warm-range`	index-range-scan	`secondary-index-storage-warm-limit`		-> Index range scan on orders using idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id over (customer_id = 412 AND status = 'PAID' AND ordered_at <= '2025-01-01 00:00:00'), with index condition: ((orders.`status` = 'PAID') and (orders.customer_id = 412) and (orders.ordered_at >= TIMESTAMP'2025-01-01 00:00:00')) (cost=36.5 rows=31) (actual time=0.194..0.198 rows=20 loops=1)

Secondary entry와 carried primary key

focus entry: order-130460
carried primary key: 130460
missing SELECT column: total_cents
source: Derived · fixture

customer_id	status	ordered_at	primary key
412	PAID	2026-06-24 23:20:00	130460
412	PAID	2026-06-17 20:40:00	129436
412	PAID	2026-05-20 10:00:00	125340

Exact clustered row와 result

id: 130460
customer_id: 412
status: PAID
ordered_at: 2026-06-24 23:20:00
total_cents: 113740
result SHA-256: f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b

id	customer_id	status	ordered_at	total_cents
130460	412	PAID	2026-06-24 23:20:00	113740
129436	412	PAID	2026-06-17 20:40:00	4684
125340	412	PAID	2026-05-20 10:00:00	68460
124316	412	PAID	2026-05-13 07:20:00	209404
120220	412	PAID	2026-04-14 20:40:00	23180
119196	412	PAID	2026-04-07 18:00:00	164124
115100	412	PAID	2026-03-10 07:20:00	227900
114076	412	PAID	2026-03-03 04:40:00	118844
109980	412	PAID	2026-02-02 18:00:00	182620
108956	412	PAID	2026-01-26 15:20:00	73564
104860	412	PAID	2025-12-29 04:40:00	137340
103836	412	PAID	2025-12-22 02:00:00	28284
99740	412	PAID	2025-11-23 15:20:00	92060
98716	412	PAID	2025-11-16 12:40:00	233004
94620	412	PAID	2025-10-19 02:00:00	46780
93596	412	PAID	2025-10-11 23:20:00	187724
89500	412	PAID	2025-09-13 12:40:00	1500
88476	412	PAID	2025-09-06 10:00:00	142444
84380	412	PAID	2025-08-08 23:20:00	206220
83356	412	PAID	2025-08-01 20:40:00	97164

Buffer Pool target page snapshot

cold

Before execution: 0 pages · PRIMARY 0 · secondary 0
After execution: 34 pages · PRIMARY 32 · secondary 2
before page-set digest: 31edd3173b2d4037481e332bf378e54679ef7ad9ee9ddd04b461f0dab163f937
after page-set digest: 28ae648d83b24acc07de4b503dedc9711c181012146e12e363b087e71fbb4ae2

snapshot	space:page	index	records	data_size	state
after	2:4	primary · 154	438	7446	FILE_PAGE
after	2:37	secondary · 155	273	10192	FILE_PAGE
after	2:211	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:225	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:228	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:242	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:245	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:259	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:262	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:276	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:279	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:293	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:296	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:310	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:313	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:327	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:330	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:344	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:347	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:361	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:364	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:378	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:382	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:395	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:399	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:412	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:416	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:429	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:433	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:446	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:450	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:463	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:467	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:653	secondary · 155	483	15978	FILE_PAGE

warm

Before execution: 34 pages · PRIMARY 32 · secondary 2
After execution: 34 pages · PRIMARY 32 · secondary 2
before page-set digest: 28ae648d83b24acc07de4b503dedc9711c181012146e12e363b087e71fbb4ae2
after page-set digest: 28ae648d83b24acc07de4b503dedc9711c181012146e12e363b087e71fbb4ae2

snapshot	space:page	index	records	data_size	state
before	2:4	primary · 154	438	7446	FILE_PAGE
before	2:37	secondary · 155	273	10192	FILE_PAGE
before	2:211	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:225	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:228	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:242	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:245	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:259	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:262	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:276	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:279	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:293	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:296	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:310	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:313	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:327	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:330	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:344	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:347	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:361	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:364	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:378	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:382	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:395	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:399	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:412	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:416	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:429	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:433	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:446	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:450	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:463	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:467	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
before	2:653	secondary · 155	483	15978	FILE_PAGE
after	2:4	primary · 154	438	7446	FILE_PAGE
after	2:37	secondary · 155	273	10192	FILE_PAGE
after	2:211	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:225	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:228	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:242	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:245	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:259	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:262	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:276	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:279	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:293	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:296	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:310	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:313	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:327	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:330	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:344	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:347	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:361	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:364	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:378	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:382	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:395	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:399	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:412	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:416	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:429	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:433	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:446	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:450	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:463	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:467	primary · 154	300	15060	FILE_PAGE
after	2:653	secondary · 155	483	15978	FILE_PAGE

Target와 observer counter delta

variant	interval	`Innodb_buffer_pool_read_requests`	`Innodb_buffer_pool_reads`
cold	target	146	35
cold	observer instrumentation	4056	1
warm	target	98	0
warm	observer instrumentation	3842	0

Evidence closure

evidence ID	basis	checksum	logical locator
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-bootstrap-startup`	captured	`sha256:6a69d6940c2a723d04ff5fdad55db9d0d73f4530fc51c4770cf7ffde9723527d`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=bootstrap-startup`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-capture-manifest`	derived-capture	`sha256:4cb08bc86c7449693e6afcbdafbd1cb3fd5fd1703d503344bdee67ae85e8bc65`	`kind=logical-source · artifactKey=managed.captureJson`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze`	captured	`sha256:8f8decb207524fa3b1e0c408c62243fd6fc18a628ac79158c814a6166a88fa49`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=cold-analyze`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-counter-before`	captured	`sha256:2ee1cfdb6016086be5ea163bc7d7cafb98390c8a61e3e960288b159aa9f6c8d3`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=cold-counter-before`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-counter-observer-after`	captured	`sha256:00bbe6c6669fc504116cc44f659620d4b71a948b08338415cf0e838e88f45545`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=cold-counter-observer-after`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-counter-target-after`	captured	`sha256:008f288ddd326955c7e7a212cb24f64b35cd5f61d7efe6d01882f48ecae04fd1`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=cold-counter-target-after`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-interval-closure`	derived-capture	`sha256:b67927d92ec450cecc45cbf82f917592cbc8d484e5cb9834df2e0329cd675411`	`kind=json-pointer · artifactKey=interval-closures · pointer=/cold`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-a`	captured	`sha256:3fd1abe1a244f5c5e22e0e71b44800ea3455c777aaf6793b2274457a1324271b`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=cold-pages-a`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b`	captured	`sha256:3fd1abe1a244f5c5e22e0e71b44800ea3455c777aaf6793b2274457a1324271b`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=cold-pages-b`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-before`	captured	`sha256:9b8b37ce38928a5fc51886b3ceff8693fe8ec3c44fd42138a2534b5b3bf46906`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=cold-pages-before`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-statement-metadata`	captured	`sha256:01af7ea240e463d8dd181ca0d168d672ada9cdc1455cf9f50be81c48e2a0c391`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=cold-statement-metadata`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-engine-identity`	captured	`sha256:ba85d8d7ac22ef8491d606a486286f6426cc19b3858b2869c6797b6f0b5bb536`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=engine-identity`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json`	captured	`sha256:cdd641c965958c33911a8fea73c73ee7959a0d72ba0a48450c956a4fca32b9f3`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=explain`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree`	captured	`sha256:7a93a3bef043702eb69a6a174dbf8b078d062f55864c56c136c409fc9687bd63`	`kind=text-line · artifactKey=explain-tree · line=2`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest`	derived-fixture	`sha256:151e2142766f7a98b31bf06a5d44d9bc8be615170e3e1476861e7870b84b2ea7`	`kind=logical-source · artifactKey=fixture.generatedManifest`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-ddl-source`	derived-capture	`sha256:b4db1ad65b76a13589359f7570b9f9043ca810e6c29f960990a0ea7288a1694e`	`kind=logical-source · artifactKey=sourceBytes.indexDdlSql`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory`	captured	`sha256:6f833b0f860a3b092d8805464bcc43b6c2fd2902a05924a1a824ca908923393e`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=index-inventory`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-measurement-startup`	captured	`sha256:b92ed384d91e011a829b88f053c3f5b0b5953cc60d33fb9bf513e912560bb1c2`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=measurement-startup`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace`	captured	`sha256:afceaa2b5547c5b8c26cf3ab50334bb1ad5e7ffb9ee01c6bd32c1b954c729ca4`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=optimizer-trace`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source`	derived-capture	`sha256:9dabc65f2bf4cd11734dc89ecd7f363bf197b1162b1c6aacf8c552a03fc74a85`	`kind=logical-source · artifactKey=sourceBytes.querySql`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-result-tsv`	captured	`sha256:f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=result`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-schema-source`	derived-capture	`sha256:3ee25c0611119a5b8e479f68c00c1f88469908897bafef571c4f9e98614d0af7`	`kind=logical-source · artifactKey=sourceBytes.schemaSql`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-system-variables`	captured	`sha256:994d769393f926537438a60fb9cc7ec19fdb6b362a914719e720e2d0768b59c9`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=system-variables`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze`	captured	`sha256:1e6d74a667106b01eb8e68b14295f3296d7bfbfb8fe623706fb0418d6583dd7e`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=warm-analyze`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-counter-observer-after`	captured	`sha256:bd9b1cadcbb7b1d2a8fe7278c482a8c0e8cee9cf856d64f3f04b286a5a54444b`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=warm-counter-observer-after`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-counter-target-after`	captured	`sha256:0b395e7eea89c76d3e3debacc4ef6c365007b92d1196fb40996d685ea51b3000`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=warm-counter-target-after`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-interval-closure`	derived-capture	`sha256:74b1fbd7a69755d4ed2d7a5fd60450a1098b377343aae02e1b457f1a0c872799`	`kind=json-pointer · artifactKey=interval-closures · pointer=/warm`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-a`	captured	`sha256:3fd1abe1a244f5c5e22e0e71b44800ea3455c777aaf6793b2274457a1324271b`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=warm-pages-a`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-b`	captured	`sha256:3fd1abe1a244f5c5e22e0e71b44800ea3455c777aaf6793b2274457a1324271b`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=warm-pages-b`
`evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-statement-metadata`	captured	`sha256:e0a979493c097d3c6488fd00add2a1737a101b62e83b552770e32505a37faf17`	`kind=artifact · artifactKey=warm-statement-metadata`

34단계 전체 설명

cold · 17 steps

SQL이 요구하는 index entry와 base row

WHERE customer_id = 412 AND status = 'PAID' AND ordered_at >= '2025-01-01 00:00:00' 범위를 읽고, ORDER BY ordered_at DESC, id DESC와 LIMIT 20을 적용합니다.

phase
query-shape

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-a · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-before · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-a · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-b · captured
선택된 secondary index의 key 구성

idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id는 customer_id, status, ordered_at DESC, id DESC를 저장합니다. total_cents가 없어 이 SELECT에는 non-covering index입니다.

phase
index-definition

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-a · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-before · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-ddl-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-schema-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-a · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-b · captured
Optimizer가 선택한 native plan

MySQL은 access type range와 index idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id를 보고했습니다. rows 31, cost 14.21, filesort false입니다.

phase
native-plan

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
WHERE 조건을 만족하는 31개 entry

fixture facts에서 matching entries는 31개입니다. LIMIT cutoff id=83356 다음의 id=79260는 같은 index order에서 제외됩니다.

phase
range-candidates

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
Focus secondary entry id=130460

fixture entry는 customer_id=412, status=PAID, ordered_at=2026-06-24 23:20:00, id=130460를 가집니다.

phase
secondary-entry

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
secondary entry가 전달하는 PK 130460

idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id의 explicit key part id는 primary key (PK) 130460입니다. SELECT의 total_cents를 읽으려면 이 PK가 PRIMARY lookup key가 됩니다.

phase
carried-primary-key

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
secondary key에 없는 total_cents

SELECT는 total_cents를 요구하지만 secondary key는 customer_id, status, ordered_at, id만 가집니다. 따라서 PK 130460로 clustered row가 필요합니다.

phase
missing-column

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-ddl-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-schema-source · derived-capture
PRIMARY lookup key id=130460

Model은 secondary entry의 PK 130460와 PRIMARY의 clustered row id=130460 관계를 연결합니다. captured TREE에 별도 lookup operator를 추가하지 않습니다.

phase
clustered-lookup

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
clustered row id=130460

fixture row id=130460에는 customer_id=412, status=PAID, ordered_at=2026-06-24 23:20:00, total_cents=113740가 있습니다.

phase
clustered-row

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
index order에서 남는 20개 result row

native estimate는 31 rows이고 실제 result는 20 rows입니다. ORDER BY는 selected index order를 사용하며 filesort false입니다.

phase
order-limit

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-result-tsv · captured
cold 실행 직전 target page state

cold.before에는 PRIMARY 0 pages, secondary 0 pages가 있습니다. the captured cold before-state로 이 before-state의 provenance를 닫습니다.

phase
cache-before

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-before · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-interval-closure · derived-capture
cold EXPLAIN ANALYZE 측정값

secondary-range-scan는 actual time 0.689..0.695 ms, rows 20, loops 1를 보고했습니다. 같은 interval의 target counters는 reads 35, requests 146입니다.

phase
measured-execution

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
cold 실행 직후 target page state

cold.after에는 PRIMARY 32 pages, secondary 2 pages, 총 34 pages가 captured page snapshot에 기록됐습니다.

phase
cache-after

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
cold target page set의 before/after

cold에서 page count changes from 0 to 34입니다. before digest 31edd3173b2d4037481e332bf378e54679ef7ad9ee9ddd04b461f0dab163f937와 after digest 28ae648d83b24acc07de4b503dedc9711c181012146e12e363b087e71fbb4ae2는 accepted snapshot에서 온 값입니다.

phase
page-set-delta

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-before · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-interval-closure · derived-capture
cold target counter: 35/146

target interval은 Innodb_buffer_pool_reads 35, Innodb_buffer_pool_read_requests 146입니다. observer instrumentation은 reads 1, requests 4056로 별도 표시합니다.

phase
read-counters

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
ORDER BY와 LIMIT 20의 exact result

post-comparison result에는 20 rows가 있고, 첫 focus row는 id=130460, total_cents=113740입니다.

phase
result-set

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-result-tsv · captured
cold frame의 evidence closure

Captured plan, page snapshot, counters, result와 Derived fixture/capture facts를 capture capture:secondary-index-buffer-pool-mysql-8-4-10에 연결합니다. full result checksum은 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b입니다.

phase
evidence

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
0 → 34

target requests / reads
146 / 35

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-capture-manifest · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-before · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-engine-identity · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-result-tsv · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-b · captured

warm · 17 steps

SQL이 요구하는 index entry와 base row

WHERE customer_id = 412 AND status = 'PAID' AND ordered_at >= '2025-01-01 00:00:00' 범위를 읽고, ORDER BY ordered_at DESC, id DESC와 LIMIT 20을 적용합니다.

phase
query-shape

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-a · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-before · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-a · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-b · captured
선택된 secondary index의 key 구성

idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id는 customer_id, status, ordered_at DESC, id DESC를 저장합니다. total_cents가 없어 이 SELECT에는 non-covering index입니다.

phase
index-definition

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-a · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-before · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-ddl-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-schema-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-a · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-b · captured
Optimizer가 선택한 native plan

MySQL은 access type range와 index idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id를 보고했습니다. rows 31, cost 14.21, filesort false입니다.

phase
native-plan

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
WHERE 조건을 만족하는 31개 entry

fixture facts에서 matching entries는 31개입니다. LIMIT cutoff id=83356 다음의 id=79260는 같은 index order에서 제외됩니다.

phase
range-candidates

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
Focus secondary entry id=130460

fixture entry는 customer_id=412, status=PAID, ordered_at=2026-06-24 23:20:00, id=130460를 가집니다.

phase
secondary-entry

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
secondary entry가 전달하는 PK 130460

idx_orders_customer_status_ordered_id의 explicit key part id는 primary key (PK) 130460입니다. SELECT의 total_cents를 읽으려면 이 PK가 PRIMARY lookup key가 됩니다.

phase
carried-primary-key

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
secondary key에 없는 total_cents

SELECT는 total_cents를 요구하지만 secondary key는 customer_id, status, ordered_at, id만 가집니다. 따라서 PK 130460로 clustered row가 필요합니다.

phase
missing-column

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-ddl-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-schema-source · derived-capture
PRIMARY lookup key id=130460

Model은 secondary entry의 PK 130460와 PRIMARY의 clustered row id=130460 관계를 연결합니다. captured TREE에 별도 lookup operator를 추가하지 않습니다.

phase
clustered-lookup

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
clustered row id=130460

fixture row id=130460에는 customer_id=412, status=PAID, ordered_at=2026-06-24 23:20:00, total_cents=113740가 있습니다.

phase
clustered-row

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
index order에서 남는 20개 result row

native estimate는 31 rows이고 실제 result는 20 rows입니다. ORDER BY는 selected index order를 사용하며 filesort false입니다.

phase
order-limit

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-result-tsv · captured
warm 실행 직전 target page state

warm.before에는 PRIMARY 32 pages, secondary 2 pages가 있습니다. cold.after equality, warm intervening SQL count 0로 이 before-state의 provenance를 닫습니다.

phase
cache-before

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-interval-closure · derived-capture
warm EXPLAIN ANALYZE 측정값

secondary-range-scan는 actual time 0.196..0.200 ms, rows 20, loops 1를 보고했습니다. 같은 interval의 target counters는 reads 0, requests 98입니다.

phase
measured-execution

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-interval-closure · derived-capture
warm 실행 직후 target page state

warm.after에는 PRIMARY 32 pages, secondary 2 pages, 총 34 pages가 captured page snapshot에 기록됐습니다.

phase
cache-after

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-b · captured
warm target page set의 before/after

warm에서 before and after page identities are equal입니다. before digest 28ae648d83b24acc07de4b503dedc9711c181012146e12e363b087e71fbb4ae2와 after digest 28ae648d83b24acc07de4b503dedc9711c181012146e12e363b087e71fbb4ae2는 accepted snapshot에서 온 값입니다.

phase
page-set-delta

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-b · captured
warm target counter: 0/98

target interval은 Innodb_buffer_pool_reads 0, Innodb_buffer_pool_read_requests 98입니다. observer instrumentation은 reads 0, requests 3842로 별도 표시합니다.

phase
read-counters

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-interval-closure · derived-capture
ORDER BY와 LIMIT 20의 exact result

post-comparison result에는 20 rows가 있고, 첫 focus row는 id=130460, total_cents=113740입니다.

phase
result-set

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-result-tsv · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
warm frame의 evidence closure

Captured plan, page snapshot, counters, result와 Derived fixture/capture facts를 capture capture:secondary-index-buffer-pool-mysql-8-4-10에 연결합니다. full result checksum은 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b입니다.

phase
evidence

focus PK
130460

clustered total_cents
113740

target pages
34 → 34

target requests / reads
98 / 0

result
20 rows · SHA-256 f3b6a116a0d644412cd60167a96e4e8d628adbe75106f53d78c3893fef401a8b
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-capture-manifest · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-b · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-cold-pages-before · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-engine-identity · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-json · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-explain-tree · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-fixture-manifest · derived-fixture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-index-inventory · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-optimizer-trace · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-query-source · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-result-tsv · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-analyze · captured
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-interval-closure · derived-capture
- evidence:secondary-index-buffer-pool-warm-pages-b · captured